Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective

Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective

Este artículo discute la situación de Mauricio en la configuración geopolítica poscolonial del océano Índico. Este Estado insular fue primero una colonia británica y obtuvo su independencia en 1968. En esa época, el archipiélago de Chagos, que hacía parte del territorio de la isla, fue extirpado de Mauricio. Después de la independencia, Mauricio se enfrentó continuamente a la Guerra Fría entre Occidente y la antigua Unión Soviética, al tiempo que pedía la descolonización del archipiélago sobre el cual Mauricio afirma tener soberanía. En el contexto actual, existe una nueva configuración geopolítica que ha visto el surgimiento de países en desarrollo como China e India como nuevas naciones emergentes que buscan ejercer influencia tanto milit... Ver más

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1657-7558

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Betchoo, Nirmal Kumar

UNIVERSIDAD EXTERNADO DE COLOMBIA

10.18601/16577558.n37.04

2022-12-05

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46

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China

India;

juegos de poder;

océano Índico;

Mauricio;

geopolítica;

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spelling Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
Harper Douglas (2022). Etymology of the Indian Ocean: Meaning of the name Indian Ocean. www.HarperDouglas.com
Majumdar, R. C., Chaudhuri, J. N., and Chaudhuri, S. (Eds.) (1984). The Mughal Empire. The History and Culture of the Indian People (no. 7). Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
Lucock, T. (2016). The Belt & Road Initiative: A Modern Silk Road. Norton Rose Fulbright.
Koontz. L. (2021). Diego Garcia: A Small Island of Great Military Value. https://coffeeordie.com/diegogarcia-military-island.
JFK Library (2022). The Cold War. https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/jfk-in-history/the-coldwar.
Jaishankar, D. (2016). Indian Ocean Region: A Pivot for India’s Growth. https://www.brookings.edu.
International Maritime Bureau (2022). Indian Ocean Power Play. Center for International Maritime Security.
Indian Ocean, com (2020). History of the Seychelles. https://www.indian-ocean.com/the-history-ofthe-seychelles.
Indian Ocean (2022). Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Indian%20Ocean.
Herzinger, B. (2021). The Power of Example: The American Presence in Diego Garcia. The Interpreter.
Hannah, H. (2019). The Great Game Moves to Sea: Tripolar Competition in the Indian Ocean Region. https://warontherocks.com.
McDevitt, M. (2018). Great Power Competition in the Indian Ocean: The Past as Prologue? CAN analysis and solutions.
Hanauer, L. and Morris, L. (2014). China in Africa, the implications of deepening relations. https://www.rand.org.
Global Security (2020). French Colonial Era, 1894-1960. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/africa/ma-history-2.htm
Friedman, N. (2018). Strategic Submarines and Strategic Stability: Looking to the 2030s. National Security College, Australian National University.
Franda, M. (1982). The Seychelles, Unquite Islands. Westview Press and Hampshire Gower.
Florek, S. (2020). The Middle Kingdom. https://australianmuseum.
Economic Development Board (2020). Mauritius-China Free Trade Agreement will enter in force as from January 2021, www.edbmauritius.
Demetriadi, A. (2017). Lost in Exile: The Forgotten Chagos Islanders. New Industrialist.
DTOS (2019). Signature of the China-Mauritius Free Trade Agreement: Enhanced business opportunities. https://www.dtos-mu
Cultural Survival (2021). The Chagossians - The original inhabitants of Diego Garcia face a US government in court. https://www.cultural survival.org.
Cormack, L. (1997). Charting an Empire. University of Chicago Press.
Marcus, R. (2004). Political change in Madagascar: Populist democracy or neopatrionalism by another name. Paper 89. Institute for Security Studies.
Mills, C. and Butchard, P. (2021). British Indian Ocean Territory Disputes. Library of the House of Commons.
Clearias Team (2022). Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), https://www.clearias.com/non-aligned-movement/
Szczepanski, K. (2019). Indian Ocean Trade Routes. Thoughtco.
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Zwicewicz, J. (2019). Russia in Africa: Manipulation and Expansion of Influence. Canadian Air Force College.
Virahsawmy, D. (2019). India and Modi: The monster we love. L’Express.
Venkatasweran, L. (2020). Vital Sea Lanes of Communications as China’s Primary Interest: Inferences for India’s National Security. Observer Research Foundation.
Rucai, L. (2017). China and Mauritius: An Enduring Friendship. China Today.
Mishra, A. quoted in Al Jazeera (2022). Mauritius denies allowing India to establish military base on Agalega Island. https://scroll.in.
Roque, A. (2017). The Coast of Sofala (Mozambique) in the 16th Century: Between African Trade Routes and Indian Ocean Trade. Open Edition Journals.
Radio France International (2020). Map of the Indian Ocean. www.rfi.fr
Potgieter, T. (2012). Maritime Security in the Indian Ocean: Strategic Framework and Characteristics. Institute for Security Studies, Paper 236.
Pokraka, A. (2019). History of Conflicts in India and Pakistan. https://armscontrolcenter.org.
Phillips, T. (2016). The Cultural Revolution: Everything you need to know about China’s political convulsion. The Guardian.
Official Journal (2004). Council Decision of 30 March 2004. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/
O’Neill, A. (2021). Twenty most populous countries. https://www.statista.com/
NDTV (2022). India Extends $527 Million Financial Assistance To Mauritius, www.ndtv.com
National Archives (2020). Living in the British Empire: Africa. https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/empire.
Mulayim, R. (2017). French influence in Africa (colonial period). https://behorizon.org/french-influencein-africa-colonial-period.
Convention on Biological Diversity (2015). Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSA) Saya de Malha Bank. https://chm.cbd.int.
Conde, F. (1991) US B-52 bombers bound for Iraq using US-Spanish base. AP News.com
Chaudhury, D. (2022). India launches a slew of infra and development projects in Mauritius. The Economic Times, India.
China
Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales
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Artículo de revista
Núm. 37 , Año 2023 : Enero-Junio
37
India;
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/8417
juegos de poder;
océano Índico;
Mauricio;
geopolítica;
Betchoo, Nirmal Kumar
Este artículo discute la situación de Mauricio en la configuración geopolítica poscolonial del océano Índico. Este Estado insular fue primero una colonia británica y obtuvo su independencia en 1968. En esa época, el archipiélago de Chagos, que hacía parte del territorio de la isla, fue extirpado de Mauricio. Después de la independencia, Mauricio se enfrentó continuamente a la Guerra Fría entre Occidente y la antigua Unión Soviética, al tiempo que pedía la descolonización del archipiélago sobre el cual Mauricio afirma tener soberanía. En el contexto actual, existe una nueva configuración geopolítica que ha visto el surgimiento de países en desarrollo como China e India como nuevas naciones emergentes que buscan ejercer influencia tanto militar como económica en la región. En lo que concierne a China, hay un gran avance con el desarrollo del Cinturón Marítimo de la Seda, mientras India persigue el sueño de mantener el poder en un océano que lleva su nombre. Desde la perspectiva mauriciana, aún queda el objetivo de terminar con la descolonización de Chagos, mientras se enfrenta a la influencia de las nuevas potencias que dominan el contexto geopolítico actual. También existe el problema para Mauricio de mantener lazos políticos con potencias emergentes como China e India, al tiempo que mantiene sus relaciones históricas con Occidente. El nuevo paradigma, en consecuencia, establece un argumento complejo en la nueva configuración geopolítica.
Oasis
application/pdf
Publication
Baruah, D. (2021). What’s happening in the Indian Ocean? Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Chaudhury, D. (2022). China Seeks to Dominate Africa Unlike India’s Partnership Based on Equality. New Book, The Economic Times, India.
Chateau, P. (2014). Recognizing the Contribution of Arab Sailors in the Indian Ocean. Histoires Mauriciennes.
Chandran, S. (2014). Narendra Modi and Xi Jinping: Strong Leaders. Hard Issues. Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies.
Brewster, D. (2015). The Coming Nuclearization of the Indian Ocean. The Interpreter.
Bowcott, D. (2019). UN tribunal rejects UK claim to sovereignty over Chagos Islands. The Guardian.
Bhat, T., Guha, A. and Paul, M. (2006). India and China in WTO: Building Complementarities and Competitiveness in the External Trade Sector, Planning Commission, Government of India.
Battersby, J. (1987). Port Louis Journal; Apartheid country befriends Indian Ocean island. The New York Times.
Bashfield, S. (2021). Agalega: A Glimpse of India’s Remote Island Military Base. The Interpreter.
Beaujard, P. (2015). East Africa and ocean trade networks between the 1st and 15th centuries, Afriques. Open Edition Journals. https://doi.org/10.4000/africas.3097
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Español
Nirmal Kumar Betchoo - 2022
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
China
Journal article
This paper aims to discuss the situation of Mauritius in the post-colonial geopolitical configuration of the Indian Ocean. The island nation, a former British colony that has been independent since 1968, is today confronted with geopolitical issues that place it within a dilemma. Its recent allegiance with India, through preferential trade partnership, makes claiming sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago which was part of its territory before independence complicated. There is in an ongoing conflict with Great Britain and, indirectly, the United States on this contentious issue. At the same time, Mauritius needs to consider China’s influence in the region since it partners with most of the independent nations on matters of economic development. Mauritius itself has established an important trading platform through Chinese assistance. Concurrently, the Mauritian relationship with the United States cannot be compromised as it has been the major trading partner since 1794 with an embassy established in 1968. Hence, trapped between economic ties from all the partners engaged in the Indian Ocean, Mauritius strives to maintain its neutrality, while also being obliged to accept that its location, size and influence might not be enough to contest against past and emerging superpowers. To this end, the power games remain as complex as ever in the Indian Ocean when seen from a Mauritian perspective.
Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
Geopolitics;
Mauritius;
Indian Ocean;
India;
power game;
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8417/13591
2346-2132
2022-12-05T00:00:00Z
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8417/13590
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/download/8417/13589
2022-12-05T00:00:00Z
1657-7558
10.18601/16577558.n37.04
27
2022-12-05
46
https://doi.org/10.18601/16577558.n37.04
institution UNIVERSIDAD EXTERNADO DE COLOMBIA
thumbnail https://nuevo.metarevistas.org/UNIVERSIDADEXTERNADODECOLOMBIA/logo.png
country_str Colombia
collection Oasis
title Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
spellingShingle Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
Betchoo, Nirmal Kumar
China
India;
juegos de poder;
océano Índico;
Mauricio;
geopolítica;
China
Geopolitics;
Mauritius;
Indian Ocean;
India;
power game;
title_short Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
title_full Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
title_fullStr Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
title_full_unstemmed Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
title_sort power games and their history in the indian ocean: a mauritian perspective
title_eng Power games and their history in the Indian Ocean: A Mauritian perspective
description Este artículo discute la situación de Mauricio en la configuración geopolítica poscolonial del océano Índico. Este Estado insular fue primero una colonia británica y obtuvo su independencia en 1968. En esa época, el archipiélago de Chagos, que hacía parte del territorio de la isla, fue extirpado de Mauricio. Después de la independencia, Mauricio se enfrentó continuamente a la Guerra Fría entre Occidente y la antigua Unión Soviética, al tiempo que pedía la descolonización del archipiélago sobre el cual Mauricio afirma tener soberanía. En el contexto actual, existe una nueva configuración geopolítica que ha visto el surgimiento de países en desarrollo como China e India como nuevas naciones emergentes que buscan ejercer influencia tanto militar como económica en la región. En lo que concierne a China, hay un gran avance con el desarrollo del Cinturón Marítimo de la Seda, mientras India persigue el sueño de mantener el poder en un océano que lleva su nombre. Desde la perspectiva mauriciana, aún queda el objetivo de terminar con la descolonización de Chagos, mientras se enfrenta a la influencia de las nuevas potencias que dominan el contexto geopolítico actual. También existe el problema para Mauricio de mantener lazos políticos con potencias emergentes como China e India, al tiempo que mantiene sus relaciones históricas con Occidente. El nuevo paradigma, en consecuencia, establece un argumento complejo en la nueva configuración geopolítica.
description_eng This paper aims to discuss the situation of Mauritius in the post-colonial geopolitical configuration of the Indian Ocean. The island nation, a former British colony that has been independent since 1968, is today confronted with geopolitical issues that place it within a dilemma. Its recent allegiance with India, through preferential trade partnership, makes claiming sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago which was part of its territory before independence complicated. There is in an ongoing conflict with Great Britain and, indirectly, the United States on this contentious issue. At the same time, Mauritius needs to consider China’s influence in the region since it partners with most of the independent nations on matters of economic development. Mauritius itself has established an important trading platform through Chinese assistance. Concurrently, the Mauritian relationship with the United States cannot be compromised as it has been the major trading partner since 1794 with an embassy established in 1968. Hence, trapped between economic ties from all the partners engaged in the Indian Ocean, Mauritius strives to maintain its neutrality, while also being obliged to accept that its location, size and influence might not be enough to contest against past and emerging superpowers. To this end, the power games remain as complex as ever in the Indian Ocean when seen from a Mauritian perspective.
author Betchoo, Nirmal Kumar
author_facet Betchoo, Nirmal Kumar
topicspa_str_mv China
India;
juegos de poder;
océano Índico;
Mauricio;
geopolítica;
topic China
India;
juegos de poder;
océano Índico;
Mauricio;
geopolítica;
China
Geopolitics;
Mauritius;
Indian Ocean;
India;
power game;
topic_facet China
India;
juegos de poder;
océano Índico;
Mauricio;
geopolítica;
China
Geopolitics;
Mauritius;
Indian Ocean;
India;
power game;
citationissue 37
citationedition Núm. 37 , Año 2023 : Enero-Junio
publisher Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales
ispartofjournal Oasis
source https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/oasis/article/view/8417
language Español
format Article
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Nirmal Kumar Betchoo - 2022
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
references Harper Douglas (2022). Etymology of the Indian Ocean: Meaning of the name Indian Ocean. www.HarperDouglas.com
Majumdar, R. C., Chaudhuri, J. N., and Chaudhuri, S. (Eds.) (1984). The Mughal Empire. The History and Culture of the Indian People (no. 7). Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
Lucock, T. (2016). The Belt & Road Initiative: A Modern Silk Road. Norton Rose Fulbright.
Koontz. L. (2021). Diego Garcia: A Small Island of Great Military Value. https://coffeeordie.com/diegogarcia-military-island.
JFK Library (2022). The Cold War. https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/jfk-in-history/the-coldwar.
Jaishankar, D. (2016). Indian Ocean Region: A Pivot for India’s Growth. https://www.brookings.edu.
International Maritime Bureau (2022). Indian Ocean Power Play. Center for International Maritime Security.
Indian Ocean, com (2020). History of the Seychelles. https://www.indian-ocean.com/the-history-ofthe-seychelles.
Indian Ocean (2022). Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Indian%20Ocean.
Herzinger, B. (2021). The Power of Example: The American Presence in Diego Garcia. The Interpreter.
Hannah, H. (2019). The Great Game Moves to Sea: Tripolar Competition in the Indian Ocean Region. https://warontherocks.com.
McDevitt, M. (2018). Great Power Competition in the Indian Ocean: The Past as Prologue? CAN analysis and solutions.
Hanauer, L. and Morris, L. (2014). China in Africa, the implications of deepening relations. https://www.rand.org.
Global Security (2020). French Colonial Era, 1894-1960. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/africa/ma-history-2.htm
Friedman, N. (2018). Strategic Submarines and Strategic Stability: Looking to the 2030s. National Security College, Australian National University.
Franda, M. (1982). The Seychelles, Unquite Islands. Westview Press and Hampshire Gower.
Florek, S. (2020). The Middle Kingdom. https://australianmuseum.
Economic Development Board (2020). Mauritius-China Free Trade Agreement will enter in force as from January 2021, www.edbmauritius.
Demetriadi, A. (2017). Lost in Exile: The Forgotten Chagos Islanders. New Industrialist.
DTOS (2019). Signature of the China-Mauritius Free Trade Agreement: Enhanced business opportunities. https://www.dtos-mu
Cultural Survival (2021). The Chagossians - The original inhabitants of Diego Garcia face a US government in court. https://www.cultural survival.org.
Cormack, L. (1997). Charting an Empire. University of Chicago Press.
Marcus, R. (2004). Political change in Madagascar: Populist democracy or neopatrionalism by another name. Paper 89. Institute for Security Studies.
Mills, C. and Butchard, P. (2021). British Indian Ocean Territory Disputes. Library of the House of Commons.
Clearias Team (2022). Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), https://www.clearias.com/non-aligned-movement/
Szczepanski, K. (2019). Indian Ocean Trade Routes. Thoughtco.
Zwicewicz, J. (2019). Russia in Africa: Manipulation and Expansion of Influence. Canadian Air Force College.
Virahsawmy, D. (2019). India and Modi: The monster we love. L’Express.
Venkatasweran, L. (2020). Vital Sea Lanes of Communications as China’s Primary Interest: Inferences for India’s National Security. Observer Research Foundation.
Rucai, L. (2017). China and Mauritius: An Enduring Friendship. China Today.
Mishra, A. quoted in Al Jazeera (2022). Mauritius denies allowing India to establish military base on Agalega Island. https://scroll.in.
Roque, A. (2017). The Coast of Sofala (Mozambique) in the 16th Century: Between African Trade Routes and Indian Ocean Trade. Open Edition Journals.
Radio France International (2020). Map of the Indian Ocean. www.rfi.fr
Potgieter, T. (2012). Maritime Security in the Indian Ocean: Strategic Framework and Characteristics. Institute for Security Studies, Paper 236.
Pokraka, A. (2019). History of Conflicts in India and Pakistan. https://armscontrolcenter.org.
Phillips, T. (2016). The Cultural Revolution: Everything you need to know about China’s political convulsion. The Guardian.
Official Journal (2004). Council Decision of 30 March 2004. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/
O’Neill, A. (2021). Twenty most populous countries. https://www.statista.com/
NDTV (2022). India Extends $527 Million Financial Assistance To Mauritius, www.ndtv.com
National Archives (2020). Living in the British Empire: Africa. https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/empire.
Mulayim, R. (2017). French influence in Africa (colonial period). https://behorizon.org/french-influencein-africa-colonial-period.
Convention on Biological Diversity (2015). Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSA) Saya de Malha Bank. https://chm.cbd.int.
Conde, F. (1991) US B-52 bombers bound for Iraq using US-Spanish base. AP News.com
Chaudhury, D. (2022). India launches a slew of infra and development projects in Mauritius. The Economic Times, India.
Baruah, D. (2021). What’s happening in the Indian Ocean? Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Chaudhury, D. (2022). China Seeks to Dominate Africa Unlike India’s Partnership Based on Equality. New Book, The Economic Times, India.
Chateau, P. (2014). Recognizing the Contribution of Arab Sailors in the Indian Ocean. Histoires Mauriciennes.
Chandran, S. (2014). Narendra Modi and Xi Jinping: Strong Leaders. Hard Issues. Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies.
Brewster, D. (2015). The Coming Nuclearization of the Indian Ocean. The Interpreter.
Bowcott, D. (2019). UN tribunal rejects UK claim to sovereignty over Chagos Islands. The Guardian.
Bhat, T., Guha, A. and Paul, M. (2006). India and China in WTO: Building Complementarities and Competitiveness in the External Trade Sector, Planning Commission, Government of India.
Battersby, J. (1987). Port Louis Journal; Apartheid country befriends Indian Ocean island. The New York Times.
Bashfield, S. (2021). Agalega: A Glimpse of India’s Remote Island Military Base. The Interpreter.
Beaujard, P. (2015). East Africa and ocean trade networks between the 1st and 15th centuries, Afriques. Open Edition Journals. https://doi.org/10.4000/africas.3097
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