Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica

Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica

Conocer cómo los grupos terroristas adquieren, retienen, aplican y distribuyen conocimiento es un factor esencial para la aplicación de políticas públicas en seguridad. En el presente artículo se abordarán los procesos de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas e insurgentes a través de la discusión teórica de exponentes de los estudios de seguridad, a fin de ser comparados para ofrecer un marco que pueda satisfacer la realidad estratégica de varios de estos grupos. De igual forma, se realiza un estudio comparado de diferentes teatros de operaciones para evidenciar las características de las curvas de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas desde Daesh, hasta ETA y el IRA. El esfuerzo académico consignado en el presente artículo puede dar luces sobre c... Ver más

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Opera

1657-8651

2346-2159

Vargas Villamizar, Carlos Enrique

UNIVERSIDAD EXTERNADO DE COLOMBIA

10.18601/16578651.n31.08

2022-06-14

139

154

Colombia

terrorismo;

insurgencia;

aprendizaje;

estrategia;

Daesh;

Estado Islámico

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Carlos Enrique Vargas Villamizar - 2022

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spelling Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica
Gibbons-Neff, T. (2017). ISIS drones are attacking U.S. troops and disrupting airstrikes in Raqqa. The Washington Post.https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2017/06/14/isis-drones-are-attacking-u-s-troops-and-disrupting-airstrikes-in-raqqa-officials-say/?utm_term=.d8b3cdd8c9b3
Katz, R. (2016). ISIS’s Mobile App Developers Are in Crisis Mode. VICE. https://www.vice.com/en/article/qkj34q/isis-mobile-app-developers-arein-crisis-mode
Katagiri, N. (2015). Adapting to win: how insurgents fight and defeat foreign states in war. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Jenkins, B. M. (2004). International terrorism. En R. Art. y K. Waltz (ed.). The use of force: military power and international politics. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group Inc.
Jackson, B. A., Baker, J. C. y Cragin, K. (2005). Aptitude for Destruction: Case studies of organizational learning in five terrorist groups (vol. 2). RAND Corporation.
Jackson, B. et al. (2005). Organizational Learning in terrorist groups and its implications for combating terrorism. Infrastructure, Safety and Environment, RAND Corporation.
Laqueur, W. (2004). The changing face of terror. The Use of Force, 6, 454.
Koerner, B. I. (2016). Why ISIS is winning the social media war. Wired. https://www.wired.com/2016/03/isis-winning-social-media-war-heres-beat/
Hoffman, B. (2006). Inside terrorism. Columbia University Press.
Gartenstein-Ross, D. (2017). The Manchester attack shows how terrorist learn. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/05/manchester-terrorism-isis-attackal- qaeda/527748/
Kirchbach, H. P. (1989). Clausewitz and the culmination point of victory. U.S. Army War College.
Forest, J. (2006). Teaching terror: Strategic and tactical learning in the terrorist world. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.
Ferdi, S. (1981). Les débuts de la guerre d’Algérie. Stratégie de la guérilla-anthologie historique de la longue marche à nos jours (pp. 119-125). SEUIL.
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) (2006). Press release: Lebanese-US government cooperate and disrupt plan to NY-NJ transportation system. FBI National Press Office.https://web.archive.org/web/20161226165747/https://www2.fbi.gov/pressrel/pressrel06/transportation_threat070706.htm
George, S. (2005). Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 2(1).
Galula, D. (2010). Counterinsurgency warfare: theory and practice. Pentagon Press.
Clausewitz, C. V. (1955). De la guerre. Edition de Minuit. Dolnik, A. (2007). Understanding Terrorist Innovation: Technology, Tactics and Global Trends. Abingdon: Routledge.
Criminal statistics of the Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt). https://www.bka.de/DE/AktuelleInformationen/StatistikenLagebilder/PolizeilicheKriminalstatistik/pks_node.html
Chaliand, G. (2003). Les stratégies du terrorismo. Desclée de Brouwer.
Kettle, L. y Mumford, A. (2016). Terrorist learning: A new analytical framework. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 40(7), 523-538.
Liddell Hart, B. (1998). Stratégie. Perrin.
Bauer, K. (2018). Survey of Terrorist Groups and Their Means of Financing. The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/media/1321
Zimmerman, K. (2017). America’s Real Enemy. Critical Threats. American Enterprise Institute.
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Rose, S. (2014). The Isis propaganda war: a hi-tech media jihad. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/07/isis-media-machinepropaganda-war
Luttwak, E. N. (1987). The Logic of War and Peace. Belknap.
Richardson, L. (2006). Roots of Terrorism. Campus Press.
Parachini, J. (2005). Aum Shinrikyo. En B. Jackson. Aptitude for Destruction. Volume 2: Case Studies of Organizational Learning in Five Terrorist Groups. RAND Corporation.
Oficina de Estadística Criminal de la Policía de Alemania (s. f.). www.bka.de/DE/AktuelleInformationen/StatistikenLagebilder/PolizeilicheKriminalstatistik/pks _node.html
Niiler, E. (2014). Knife vs. Gun: What a Weapon Reveals. https://www.seeker.com/knife-vs-gun-what-aweapon-reveals-1768455243.html
Murray, W. M. y Bernstein, A. (2009). The making of strategy: rulers, states, and war. Cambridge University Press.
Mumford, A. (2015). How terrorist groups ‘learn’: Innovation and adaptation in political violence. British Academy Review, 26. https://www.britac.ac.uk/sites/default/files/BAR26-08-Mumford.pdf
Moore, P. (2017). International Terrorism. En D. Reveron et al. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of U.S. National Security. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190680015.013.27
Molloy, M. (2017). Islamic State textbooks featuring guns and tanks ‘used to teach children maths’ in school. The Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/16/isistextbooks-featuring-guns-tanks-used-teach-children-maths/
Mazarr, M. J. (2008). The folly of ‘asymmetric war’. The Washington Quarterly, 31(3), 33-53. doi:10.1162/wash.2008.31.3.33
Blainey, G. (1988). Causes of War. Free Press Chaliand, G. (1994). Stratégies de la guérilla. Payot.
Beaufre, A. (1965). An Introduction to Strategy: With Particular Reference to Problems of Defense, Politics, Economics, and Diplomacy in the Nuclear Age. Praeger.
Beaufre, A. (1998). Introduction à la stratégie. Hachette-Pluriel.
Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales
Conocer cómo los grupos terroristas adquieren, retienen, aplican y distribuyen conocimiento es un factor esencial para la aplicación de políticas públicas en seguridad. En el presente artículo se abordarán los procesos de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas e insurgentes a través de la discusión teórica de exponentes de los estudios de seguridad, a fin de ser comparados para ofrecer un marco que pueda satisfacer la realidad estratégica de varios de estos grupos. De igual forma, se realiza un estudio comparado de diferentes teatros de operaciones para evidenciar las características de las curvas de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas desde Daesh, hasta ETA y el IRA. El esfuerzo académico consignado en el presente artículo puede dar luces sobre cómo negar ventajas estratégicas a grupos terroristas e insurgentes mediante la aplicación de políticas públicas que tengan en cuenta tanto sus procesos de aprendizaje como su espectro estratégico.
Vargas Villamizar, Carlos Enrique
terrorismo;
insurgencia;
aprendizaje;
estrategia;
Daesh;
Estado Islámico
31
Núm. 31 , Año 2022 : Julio-Diciembre
Artículo de revista
application/pdf
text/html
text/xml
Publication
Opera
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Art, R. y Waltz, K. (2004). The Use of Force. Rowman & Amp. Littlefield.
Abrahms, M. (2018). Rules for rebels: The science of victory in militant history. Oxford University Press.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Carlos Enrique Vargas Villamizar - 2022
Español
Arreguín-Toft, I. (2008). How the weak win wars: a theory of asymmetric conflict. Cambridge University Press.
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/opera/article/view/7876
Atran, S. (2006). The moral logic and growth of suicide terrorism. The Washington Quarterly, 29(2), 127-147. doi:10.1162/016366006776026239
Terrorist Groups Learning Process: Analysis Through a Strategic Reading
Journal article
insurgency;
Terrorism;
Knowing how terrorist groups acquire, retain, apply, and distribute knowledge is an essential factor for the application of public security policies. This article will address the learning processes of terrorist and insurgent groups through the theoretical discussion of exponents of security studies, with the aim of being compared to provide a framework that can meet the strategic reality of several of these groups. Likewise, a comparative study of different theaters of operations is carried out to evidence the characteristics of the learning curves of terrorist groups from Daesh, ETA and the IRA. The academic effort consigned in this article can shed light on how to deny strategic advantages to terrorist and insurgent groups through the application of public policies that take into account the learning processes and the strategic spectrum of these groups.
learning;
strategy;
Islamic State
Daesh;
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/opera/article/download/7876/12643
154
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/opera/article/download/7876/12642
https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/opera/article/download/7876/12641
1657-8651
139
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2022-06-14T15:24:28Z
2022-06-14
10.18601/16578651.n31.08
2346-2159
2022-06-14T15:24:28Z
institution UNIVERSIDAD EXTERNADO DE COLOMBIA
thumbnail https://nuevo.metarevistas.org/UNIVERSIDADEXTERNADODECOLOMBIA/logo.png
country_str Colombia
collection Opera
title Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica
spellingShingle Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica
Vargas Villamizar, Carlos Enrique
terrorismo;
insurgencia;
aprendizaje;
estrategia;
Daesh;
Estado Islámico
insurgency;
Terrorism;
learning;
strategy;
Islamic State
Daesh;
title_short Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica
title_full Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica
title_fullStr Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica
title_full_unstemmed Proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica
title_sort proceso de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas: análisis a partir de una lectura estratégica
title_eng Terrorist Groups Learning Process: Analysis Through a Strategic Reading
description Conocer cómo los grupos terroristas adquieren, retienen, aplican y distribuyen conocimiento es un factor esencial para la aplicación de políticas públicas en seguridad. En el presente artículo se abordarán los procesos de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas e insurgentes a través de la discusión teórica de exponentes de los estudios de seguridad, a fin de ser comparados para ofrecer un marco que pueda satisfacer la realidad estratégica de varios de estos grupos. De igual forma, se realiza un estudio comparado de diferentes teatros de operaciones para evidenciar las características de las curvas de aprendizaje de grupos terroristas desde Daesh, hasta ETA y el IRA. El esfuerzo académico consignado en el presente artículo puede dar luces sobre cómo negar ventajas estratégicas a grupos terroristas e insurgentes mediante la aplicación de políticas públicas que tengan en cuenta tanto sus procesos de aprendizaje como su espectro estratégico.
description_eng Knowing how terrorist groups acquire, retain, apply, and distribute knowledge is an essential factor for the application of public security policies. This article will address the learning processes of terrorist and insurgent groups through the theoretical discussion of exponents of security studies, with the aim of being compared to provide a framework that can meet the strategic reality of several of these groups. Likewise, a comparative study of different theaters of operations is carried out to evidence the characteristics of the learning curves of terrorist groups from Daesh, ETA and the IRA. The academic effort consigned in this article can shed light on how to deny strategic advantages to terrorist and insurgent groups through the application of public policies that take into account the learning processes and the strategic spectrum of these groups.
author Vargas Villamizar, Carlos Enrique
author_facet Vargas Villamizar, Carlos Enrique
topicspa_str_mv terrorismo;
insurgencia;
aprendizaje;
estrategia;
Daesh;
Estado Islámico
topic terrorismo;
insurgencia;
aprendizaje;
estrategia;
Daesh;
Estado Islámico
insurgency;
Terrorism;
learning;
strategy;
Islamic State
Daesh;
topic_facet terrorismo;
insurgencia;
aprendizaje;
estrategia;
Daesh;
Estado Islámico
insurgency;
Terrorism;
learning;
strategy;
Islamic State
Daesh;
citationissue 31
citationedition Núm. 31 , Año 2022 : Julio-Diciembre
publisher Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales
ispartofjournal Opera
source https://revistas.uexternado.edu.co/index.php/opera/article/view/7876
language Español
format Article
rights http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Carlos Enrique Vargas Villamizar - 2022
references Gibbons-Neff, T. (2017). ISIS drones are attacking U.S. troops and disrupting airstrikes in Raqqa. The Washington Post.https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2017/06/14/isis-drones-are-attacking-u-s-troops-and-disrupting-airstrikes-in-raqqa-officials-say/?utm_term=.d8b3cdd8c9b3
Katz, R. (2016). ISIS’s Mobile App Developers Are in Crisis Mode. VICE. https://www.vice.com/en/article/qkj34q/isis-mobile-app-developers-arein-crisis-mode
Katagiri, N. (2015). Adapting to win: how insurgents fight and defeat foreign states in war. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Jenkins, B. M. (2004). International terrorism. En R. Art. y K. Waltz (ed.). The use of force: military power and international politics. Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group Inc.
Jackson, B. A., Baker, J. C. y Cragin, K. (2005). Aptitude for Destruction: Case studies of organizational learning in five terrorist groups (vol. 2). RAND Corporation.
Jackson, B. et al. (2005). Organizational Learning in terrorist groups and its implications for combating terrorism. Infrastructure, Safety and Environment, RAND Corporation.
Laqueur, W. (2004). The changing face of terror. The Use of Force, 6, 454.
Koerner, B. I. (2016). Why ISIS is winning the social media war. Wired. https://www.wired.com/2016/03/isis-winning-social-media-war-heres-beat/
Hoffman, B. (2006). Inside terrorism. Columbia University Press.
Gartenstein-Ross, D. (2017). The Manchester attack shows how terrorist learn. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/05/manchester-terrorism-isis-attackal- qaeda/527748/
Kirchbach, H. P. (1989). Clausewitz and the culmination point of victory. U.S. Army War College.
Forest, J. (2006). Teaching terror: Strategic and tactical learning in the terrorist world. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.
Ferdi, S. (1981). Les débuts de la guerre d’Algérie. Stratégie de la guérilla-anthologie historique de la longue marche à nos jours (pp. 119-125). SEUIL.
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) (2006). Press release: Lebanese-US government cooperate and disrupt plan to NY-NJ transportation system. FBI National Press Office.https://web.archive.org/web/20161226165747/https://www2.fbi.gov/pressrel/pressrel06/transportation_threat070706.htm
George, S. (2005). Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 2(1).
Galula, D. (2010). Counterinsurgency warfare: theory and practice. Pentagon Press.
Clausewitz, C. V. (1955). De la guerre. Edition de Minuit. Dolnik, A. (2007). Understanding Terrorist Innovation: Technology, Tactics and Global Trends. Abingdon: Routledge.
Criminal statistics of the Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt). https://www.bka.de/DE/AktuelleInformationen/StatistikenLagebilder/PolizeilicheKriminalstatistik/pks_node.html
Chaliand, G. (2003). Les stratégies du terrorismo. Desclée de Brouwer.
Kettle, L. y Mumford, A. (2016). Terrorist learning: A new analytical framework. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 40(7), 523-538.
Liddell Hart, B. (1998). Stratégie. Perrin.
Bauer, K. (2018). Survey of Terrorist Groups and Their Means of Financing. The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/media/1321
Zimmerman, K. (2017). America’s Real Enemy. Critical Threats. American Enterprise Institute.
Rose, S. (2014). The Isis propaganda war: a hi-tech media jihad. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/07/isis-media-machinepropaganda-war
Luttwak, E. N. (1987). The Logic of War and Peace. Belknap.
Richardson, L. (2006). Roots of Terrorism. Campus Press.
Parachini, J. (2005). Aum Shinrikyo. En B. Jackson. Aptitude for Destruction. Volume 2: Case Studies of Organizational Learning in Five Terrorist Groups. RAND Corporation.
Oficina de Estadística Criminal de la Policía de Alemania (s. f.). www.bka.de/DE/AktuelleInformationen/StatistikenLagebilder/PolizeilicheKriminalstatistik/pks _node.html
Niiler, E. (2014). Knife vs. Gun: What a Weapon Reveals. https://www.seeker.com/knife-vs-gun-what-aweapon-reveals-1768455243.html
Murray, W. M. y Bernstein, A. (2009). The making of strategy: rulers, states, and war. Cambridge University Press.
Mumford, A. (2015). How terrorist groups ‘learn’: Innovation and adaptation in political violence. British Academy Review, 26. https://www.britac.ac.uk/sites/default/files/BAR26-08-Mumford.pdf
Moore, P. (2017). International Terrorism. En D. Reveron et al. (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of U.S. National Security. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190680015.013.27
Molloy, M. (2017). Islamic State textbooks featuring guns and tanks ‘used to teach children maths’ in school. The Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/16/isistextbooks-featuring-guns-tanks-used-teach-children-maths/
Mazarr, M. J. (2008). The folly of ‘asymmetric war’. The Washington Quarterly, 31(3), 33-53. doi:10.1162/wash.2008.31.3.33
Blainey, G. (1988). Causes of War. Free Press Chaliand, G. (1994). Stratégies de la guérilla. Payot.
Beaufre, A. (1965). An Introduction to Strategy: With Particular Reference to Problems of Defense, Politics, Economics, and Diplomacy in the Nuclear Age. Praeger.
Beaufre, A. (1998). Introduction à la stratégie. Hachette-Pluriel.
Art, R. y Waltz, K. (2004). The Use of Force. Rowman & Amp. Littlefield.
Abrahms, M. (2018). Rules for rebels: The science of victory in militant history. Oxford University Press.
Arreguín-Toft, I. (2008). How the weak win wars: a theory of asymmetric conflict. Cambridge University Press.
Atran, S. (2006). The moral logic and growth of suicide terrorism. The Washington Quarterly, 29(2), 127-147. doi:10.1162/016366006776026239
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