Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas

Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas

Objetivo: analizar los factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas. Materiales y métodos: se analizó la literatura disponible de los últimos 50 años en las bases de datos BBCSLILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus y Scirus, al igual que artículos históricos, textos y referencias citadas en trabajos públicos. Resultados: se obtuvo información pertinente relacionada con los objetivos propuestos en la presente revisión, por lo cual puede clasificarse en 2 secciones a saber: síntesis, liberación y metabolismo de hormonas tiroideas; factores que modifican los niveles de ho... Ver más

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Luna Azul

1909-2474

Osorio, José Henry

Urquijo, Lina María

Salamanca, Diana Marcela

UNIVERSIDAD DE CALDAS

2011-07-01

126

136

Colombia

Aves

hormona tiroidea

metabolismo

http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2

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Luna Azul - 2015

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spelling Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas
 Győrffy, A., Sayed-Ahmed, A., Zsarnovszky, A., Frenyó, V. l., Decuypere, E, y Bartha, T. (2009). Effects of energy restriction on thyroid hormone metabolism in chickens. Acta Vet Hungarica, 57(2), 319-11.
 Lumeij, J. T. (1994). Endocrinology. En Ritchie, B. W., Harrison, G. J., y Harrison, L. R. (Eds.), Avian Medicine: Principles and Application (p. 582-606). Lake Worth, Florida: Wingers Publishing.
 Lien, R. J., y Siopes, T. D. (1993). The relationship of plasma thyroid hormone and prolactin concentrations to egg laying, incubation behavior, and molting by female turkeys exposed to a one-year natural daylength cycle (Abstract). Gen Comparat Endocrinol, 90(2), 205-8.
 Julian, R. J., McMillan, I., y Quinton, M. (1989). The effect of cold and dietary energy on right ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular failure and ascites in meat-type chickens. Avian Pathol, 18, 675-9.
 Julian, R. J. (2005). Production and growth related disorders and other metabolic diseases of poultry: A review. Vet J, 169, 350-19.
 Keagy, E. M., Carew, L. B., Alster, F. A., y Tyzbir, R. S. (1987). Thyroid function, energy balance, body composition and organ growth in protein-deficient chicks. J Nutr, 117, 1532-8.
 Hutchins, M. O., y Newcomer, W. S. (1066). Metabolism and excretion of thyroxine and triiodothyronine in chickens (Abstract).Gen Compart Endocrinol, 6(2), 239-9.
 Hudelson, K. S., y Hudelson, P. (2009). Endocrine considerations. En Harrison, G. J., y Lightfoot, T. L. (Eds.), Clinical avian medicine. Ithaca, NY: Internet Publisher, International Veterinary Information Service.
 Hangalapura, B. N., Nieuwland, M. G. B., Buyse, J., Kemp, B., y Parmentier, H. K. (2004). Effect of duration of cold stress on plasma adrenal and thyroid hormone levels and immune responses in chicken lines divergently selected for antibody responses. Poult Sci, 83, 1644-5.
 Gutiérrez, G. (1999). Hormonas y reproducción en aves: la influencia de factores ambientales y sociales. Rev Lat Psicol, 31(1), 151-74.
 Moravej, H., Khazali, H., Shivazad, M., y Mehrabani-Yeganeh, H. (2006). Plasma concentrations of thyroid hormone and growth hormone in lohmann male broilers fed on different dietary energy and protein levels. Int J Poult Sci, 5(5), 457-5.
 Geris, K. L., Berghman, L. R., Kühn, E. R., y Darras, V. M. (1999). The drop in plasma thyrotropin concentrations in fasted chickens is caused by an action at the level of the hypothalamus: role ofcorticosterone. Domestic Anim Endocrinol, 16(4), 231-6.
 Elkin R. G., Featherston, W. R., y Rogler, J. C. (1980). Effects of dietary phenylalanine and tyrosine on circulating thyroid hormone levels and growth in the chick. J Nutr, 110, 130-8.
 Dickson, W. M., Feldman, E. C., Hedge, G. A., Martin, R., y McDonald, L. E. (2003). Fisiología veterinaria cunningham. En Cunningham, J. G. (Ed,), Las glándulas endocrinas y su función (chapter 33, pp. 342-42). 3 ed. Madrid: Elsevier España S.A.
 Decuypere, E., Van Asa, P., Van der Geyten, S., y Darras, V. M. (2005). Thyroid hormone availability and activity in avian species: A review. Dom Anim Endocrinol, 29, 63-14.
 Decuypere, E., Nouwen, J., Kühn, E. R., Geers, R., y Michels, H. (1979). Lodohormones in the serum of chick embryos and posthatching chickens as influenced by incubation temperature. Relationship with the hatching process and thermogenesis. An Biol Anim Bioch Biophys, 19(6), 1713-10.
 Davis, G. S., Anderson, K. E., y Carroll, A. S. (2000). The effects of long-term caging and molt of single comb white leghorn hens on herterophil to lymphocyte ratios, corticosterone and thyroid hormones. Poult Sci, 79, 514-4.
 Darras, V. M., Cokelaere, M., Dewil, E., Arnouts, S., Decuypere, E., y Kühn, E. R. (1995). Partial food restriction increases hepatic inner ring deiodinating activity in the chicken and the rat. Gen Comparat Endocrinol, 100, 334-4.
 Christensen, V. L., Davis, G. S., y Nestor, K. E. (2002).Environmental incubation factors influence embryonic thyroid hormones. Poult Sci, 81, 442-8. Christensen, V. L., y Phelps, P. (2001). Injection of thyrotrophinreleasing hormone in turkey embryos elevates plasma thyroxine concentrations. Poult Sci, 80, 643-3.
 Macwhirter, P. (1994). Malnutrition. En Ritchie, B. W., Harrison, G. J., y Harrison, L. R. (Eds.), Avian Medicine: Principles and Application (chapter 31, p. 859). Lake Worth, Florida. Wingers Publishing.
 Parmer, T. G., Carew, L. B., y Alster, F. A. (1987). Thyroid function, growth hormone, and organ growth in broilers deficient in phosphorus. Poult Sci, 66, 1995-9.
 Chiang, W., Booren, A., y Strasburg, G. (2008). The effect of heat stress on thyroid hormone response and meat quality in turkeys of two genetic lines. Meat Sci, 80, 615-7.
 Tona, K., Malheiros, R. D., Bamelis, F., Careghi, C., Moraes, V. M. B., Onagbesan, O., Decuypere, E., y Bruggeman, V. (2003). Effects of storage time on incubating egg gas pressure, thyroid hormones, and corticosterone levels in embryos and on their hatching parameters. Poult Sci, 82, 840-5.
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 Wineland, M. J., Christensen, V. L., Yildrum, I., Fairchild, B. D., Ort, D. T., y Mann, K. M. (2006). Incubator environment interacts with genetic line of broiler at the plateau stage to affect embryo plasma thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations. Poult Sci, 5(8), 714-8.
 Tao, X., Zhang, Z. Y., Dong, H., Zhang, H., y Xin, H. (2006). Responses of thyroid hormones of market-size broilers to thermoneutral constant and warm cyclic temperatures. Poult Sci, 85, 1520-8.
 Piestun, Y., Shinder, D., Ruzal, M., Halevy, O., y Yahav, S. (2008). The effect of thermal manipulations during the development of the thyroid and adrenal axes on in-hatch and post-hatch thermoregulation. J Thermal Biol, 33, 413-5.
 Siopes, T. D. (2002). Circulating thyroid hormone levels in recycled turkey breeder hens during a short day prelighting period and renewal of photosensitivity for egg production. Poult Sci, 81, 1342-4.
 Silva, J. E. (2003). The thermogenic effect of thyroid hormone and its clinical implications. Ann Int Med, 139, 205-8.
 Rosebrough, R. W. (2000). Dietary protein levels and the responses of broilers to single or repeated cycles of fasting and refeeding. Nut Res, 20(69), 877-9.
 Reyns, G. E., Janssens, K. A., Buyseb, J., Kühn, E. R., y Darras, V. M. (2002). Changes in thyroid hormone levels in chicken liver during fasting and refeeding. Comparat Biochem Physiol, 132, 239-6.
 Queen, W. H., Christensen, V. L., y May, J. D. (1997). Supplemental thyroid hormones and molting in turkey breeder hens. Poult Sci, 76, 887-6.
 ________. (2006). Potential role of thyroid hormones and prolactin in the programming of photorefractoriness in turkey hens. Poult Sci, 85, 1457-4.
 ________. (2005). Thyroid hormone and prolactin profiles in male and female turkeys following hotostimulation. Poult Sci, 84, 942- 4.
 Proudman, J. A., y Siopes, T. D. (2002). Relative and absolute photorefractoriness in turkey hens: profiles of prolactin, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine early in the reproductive cycle. Poult Sci, 81, 1218-5.
 Christensen, V. L., y Davis, G. S. (2004). Maternal dietary iodide influences turkey embryo thyroid function. Poult Sci, 3(9), 550-7.
 Chang, W. P., Combs, G. F. Jr., Scanes, C. G., y Marsh, J. A. (2005). The effects of dietary vitamin E and selenium deficiencies on plasma thyroid and thymic hormone concentrations in the chicken. Develop Comparat Immunol, 29, 265-8.
Publication
Español
Objetivo: analizar los factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas. Materiales y métodos: se analizó la literatura disponible de los últimos 50 años en las bases de datos BBCSLILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus y Scirus, al igual que artículos históricos, textos y referencias citadas en trabajos públicos. Resultados: se obtuvo información pertinente relacionada con los objetivos propuestos en la presente revisión, por lo cual puede clasificarse en 2 secciones a saber: síntesis, liberación y metabolismo de hormonas tiroideas; factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas. Conclusión: la liberación de hormonas tiroideas puede ser afectada por factores tales como temperatura, incubación, dieta, ayuno, producción, fotoperiodos y estrés.
Osorio, José Henry
Urquijo, Lina María
Salamanca, Diana Marcela
Aves
hormona tiroidea
metabolismo
33
Núm. 33 , Año 2011 : Julio-Diciembre
Artículo de revista
application/pdf
Universidad de Caldas
 ________. Effects of lysine deficiencies on plasma levels of thyroid hormones, insulin-like growth factors I and II, liver and body weights, and feed intake in growing chickens. Poult Sci, 84, 1045-5.
https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/lunazul/article/view/1267
Luna Azul
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
 Bahadoran, S., Hassanzadeh, M., y Zamanimoghaddam, A. K. (2010). Effect of chronic hypoxia during the early stage of incubation on prenatal and postnatal parameters related to ascites syndrome in broiler chickens. Iranian J Vet Res, 11(1), 64- 71.
 Carew, L. B., McMurtry, J. P., y Alster, F. A. (2003). Effects of methionine deficiencies on plasma levels of thyroid hormones, insulin-like growth factors-I and -II, liver and body weights, and feed intake in growing chickens. Poult Sci, 82, 1932-6.
 Carew, L. B. Jr., Gestone, T. A., Alster, F. A. (1985). Effect of phosphorus deficiency on thyroid function and growth hormone in the white Leghorn male. Poult Sci, 64, 2010-2.
 ________. (1998). Growth, feed intake, and plasma thyroid hormone levels in chicks fed dietary excesses of essential amino acids. Poult Sci, 77, 295-3.
 Carew, L. B, Evarts, K. G, y Alster, F. A. (1997). Growth and plasma thyroid hormone concentrations of chicks fed diets deficient in essential amino acids. Poult Sci, 76, 1398-6.
 Carew, L. B. Jr., Alster, F. A., Foss, D. C., y Scanes, C. G. (1983). Effect of a tryptophan deficiency on thyroid gland, growth hormone and testicular functions in chickens. J Nutr, 113, 1756-9.
 Carew, L. B., y Alster, F. A. (1997). Dietary carbohydrate and fat do not alter the thyroid response to protein deficiency in chicks (Abstract). Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 215(1), 82-6.
 Buyse, J., Janssens, K., Van der Geyten, S., Van As, P., Decuypere, E., y Darras, V. M. (2002). Pre- and postprandial changes in plasma hormone and metabolite levels and hepatic deiodinase activities in meal-fed broiler chickens. Brit J Nut, 88, 641-12.
Luna Azul - 2015
 Banks,W. J. (1986). Histología veterinaria aplicada.1ed. Ciudad de México: El Manual Moderno S.A. de C.V. pp. 583-8.
 Bruggeman, V., Vanmontfort, D., Renaville, R, Portetelle, D., y Decuypere, E. (1997).The effect of food intake from two weeks of age to sexual maturity on plasma growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins, and thyroid hormones in female broiler breeder chickens. Gen Comparat Endocrinol, 107, 212-8.
 Anne Mcnabb, F. M. (1999). Sturkie's avian physiology. 5 ed. USA: Academic Press. pp. 455-10.
 Akiba, Y., Jensen, L. S., Barb, C. R., y Kraeling, R. R. (1982). Plasma estradiol, thyroid hormones, and liver lipid content in laying hens fed different isocaloric diets. J Nutr, 112, 299-9.
Journal article
metabolism
thyroid hormone
Poultry
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the factors which modify the thyroid hormone levels in domestic birds. Materials and methods: information from the last 50 years included in the BBCS-LILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IBSSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus and Scirus, data bases as well as historical articles, texts and references cited in work published to date were analyzed. Results: important information related to the objectives proposed in the present review was found and analyzed. The information was later divided into two sections as follows: synthesis, liberation and metabolism of thyroid hormones and factors which modify the thyroid hormones levels. Conclusion: thyroid hormones production can be influenced by factors such as temperature, incubation, diet, fasting, photoperiods and stress. 
Factors that modify thyroid hormone levels in poultry
2011-07-01T00:00:00Z
2011-07-01T00:00:00Z
2011-07-01
https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/lunazul/article/download/1267/1190
136
1909-2474
126
https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/lunazul/article/view/1267
institution UNIVERSIDAD DE CALDAS
thumbnail https://nuevo.metarevistas.org/UNIVERSIDADDECALDAS/logo.png
country_str Colombia
collection Luna Azul
title Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas
spellingShingle Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas
Osorio, José Henry
Urquijo, Lina María
Salamanca, Diana Marcela
Aves
hormona tiroidea
metabolismo
metabolism
thyroid hormone
Poultry
title_short Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas
title_full Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas
title_fullStr Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas
title_full_unstemmed Factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas
title_sort factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas
title_eng Factors that modify thyroid hormone levels in poultry
description Objetivo: analizar los factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas en aves domésticas. Materiales y métodos: se analizó la literatura disponible de los últimos 50 años en las bases de datos BBCSLILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus y Scirus, al igual que artículos históricos, textos y referencias citadas en trabajos públicos. Resultados: se obtuvo información pertinente relacionada con los objetivos propuestos en la presente revisión, por lo cual puede clasificarse en 2 secciones a saber: síntesis, liberación y metabolismo de hormonas tiroideas; factores que modifican los niveles de hormonas tiroideas. Conclusión: la liberación de hormonas tiroideas puede ser afectada por factores tales como temperatura, incubación, dieta, ayuno, producción, fotoperiodos y estrés.
description_eng ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the factors which modify the thyroid hormone levels in domestic birds. Materials and methods: information from the last 50 years included in the BBCS-LILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IBSSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus and Scirus, data bases as well as historical articles, texts and references cited in work published to date were analyzed. Results: important information related to the objectives proposed in the present review was found and analyzed. The information was later divided into two sections as follows: synthesis, liberation and metabolism of thyroid hormones and factors which modify the thyroid hormones levels. Conclusion: thyroid hormones production can be influenced by factors such as temperature, incubation, diet, fasting, photoperiods and stress. 
author Osorio, José Henry
Urquijo, Lina María
Salamanca, Diana Marcela
author_facet Osorio, José Henry
Urquijo, Lina María
Salamanca, Diana Marcela
topicspa_str_mv Aves
hormona tiroidea
metabolismo
topic Aves
hormona tiroidea
metabolismo
metabolism
thyroid hormone
Poultry
topic_facet Aves
hormona tiroidea
metabolismo
metabolism
thyroid hormone
Poultry
citationissue 33
citationedition Núm. 33 , Año 2011 : Julio-Diciembre
publisher Universidad de Caldas
ispartofjournal Luna Azul
source https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/lunazul/article/view/1267
language Español
format Article
rights http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Luna Azul - 2015
references  Győrffy, A., Sayed-Ahmed, A., Zsarnovszky, A., Frenyó, V. l., Decuypere, E, y Bartha, T. (2009). Effects of energy restriction on thyroid hormone metabolism in chickens. Acta Vet Hungarica, 57(2), 319-11.
 Lumeij, J. T. (1994). Endocrinology. En Ritchie, B. W., Harrison, G. J., y Harrison, L. R. (Eds.), Avian Medicine: Principles and Application (p. 582-606). Lake Worth, Florida: Wingers Publishing.
 Lien, R. J., y Siopes, T. D. (1993). The relationship of plasma thyroid hormone and prolactin concentrations to egg laying, incubation behavior, and molting by female turkeys exposed to a one-year natural daylength cycle (Abstract). Gen Comparat Endocrinol, 90(2), 205-8.
 Julian, R. J., McMillan, I., y Quinton, M. (1989). The effect of cold and dietary energy on right ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular failure and ascites in meat-type chickens. Avian Pathol, 18, 675-9.
 Julian, R. J. (2005). Production and growth related disorders and other metabolic diseases of poultry: A review. Vet J, 169, 350-19.
 Keagy, E. M., Carew, L. B., Alster, F. A., y Tyzbir, R. S. (1987). Thyroid function, energy balance, body composition and organ growth in protein-deficient chicks. J Nutr, 117, 1532-8.
 Hutchins, M. O., y Newcomer, W. S. (1066). Metabolism and excretion of thyroxine and triiodothyronine in chickens (Abstract).Gen Compart Endocrinol, 6(2), 239-9.
 Hudelson, K. S., y Hudelson, P. (2009). Endocrine considerations. En Harrison, G. J., y Lightfoot, T. L. (Eds.), Clinical avian medicine. Ithaca, NY: Internet Publisher, International Veterinary Information Service.
 Hangalapura, B. N., Nieuwland, M. G. B., Buyse, J., Kemp, B., y Parmentier, H. K. (2004). Effect of duration of cold stress on plasma adrenal and thyroid hormone levels and immune responses in chicken lines divergently selected for antibody responses. Poult Sci, 83, 1644-5.
 Gutiérrez, G. (1999). Hormonas y reproducción en aves: la influencia de factores ambientales y sociales. Rev Lat Psicol, 31(1), 151-74.
 Moravej, H., Khazali, H., Shivazad, M., y Mehrabani-Yeganeh, H. (2006). Plasma concentrations of thyroid hormone and growth hormone in lohmann male broilers fed on different dietary energy and protein levels. Int J Poult Sci, 5(5), 457-5.
 Geris, K. L., Berghman, L. R., Kühn, E. R., y Darras, V. M. (1999). The drop in plasma thyrotropin concentrations in fasted chickens is caused by an action at the level of the hypothalamus: role ofcorticosterone. Domestic Anim Endocrinol, 16(4), 231-6.
 Elkin R. G., Featherston, W. R., y Rogler, J. C. (1980). Effects of dietary phenylalanine and tyrosine on circulating thyroid hormone levels and growth in the chick. J Nutr, 110, 130-8.
 Dickson, W. M., Feldman, E. C., Hedge, G. A., Martin, R., y McDonald, L. E. (2003). Fisiología veterinaria cunningham. En Cunningham, J. G. (Ed,), Las glándulas endocrinas y su función (chapter 33, pp. 342-42). 3 ed. Madrid: Elsevier España S.A.
 Decuypere, E., Van Asa, P., Van der Geyten, S., y Darras, V. M. (2005). Thyroid hormone availability and activity in avian species: A review. Dom Anim Endocrinol, 29, 63-14.
 Decuypere, E., Nouwen, J., Kühn, E. R., Geers, R., y Michels, H. (1979). Lodohormones in the serum of chick embryos and posthatching chickens as influenced by incubation temperature. Relationship with the hatching process and thermogenesis. An Biol Anim Bioch Biophys, 19(6), 1713-10.
 Davis, G. S., Anderson, K. E., y Carroll, A. S. (2000). The effects of long-term caging and molt of single comb white leghorn hens on herterophil to lymphocyte ratios, corticosterone and thyroid hormones. Poult Sci, 79, 514-4.
 Darras, V. M., Cokelaere, M., Dewil, E., Arnouts, S., Decuypere, E., y Kühn, E. R. (1995). Partial food restriction increases hepatic inner ring deiodinating activity in the chicken and the rat. Gen Comparat Endocrinol, 100, 334-4.
 Christensen, V. L., Davis, G. S., y Nestor, K. E. (2002).Environmental incubation factors influence embryonic thyroid hormones. Poult Sci, 81, 442-8. Christensen, V. L., y Phelps, P. (2001). Injection of thyrotrophinreleasing hormone in turkey embryos elevates plasma thyroxine concentrations. Poult Sci, 80, 643-3.
 Macwhirter, P. (1994). Malnutrition. En Ritchie, B. W., Harrison, G. J., y Harrison, L. R. (Eds.), Avian Medicine: Principles and Application (chapter 31, p. 859). Lake Worth, Florida. Wingers Publishing.
 Parmer, T. G., Carew, L. B., y Alster, F. A. (1987). Thyroid function, growth hormone, and organ growth in broilers deficient in phosphorus. Poult Sci, 66, 1995-9.
 Chiang, W., Booren, A., y Strasburg, G. (2008). The effect of heat stress on thyroid hormone response and meat quality in turkeys of two genetic lines. Meat Sci, 80, 615-7.
 Tona, K., Malheiros, R. D., Bamelis, F., Careghi, C., Moraes, V. M. B., Onagbesan, O., Decuypere, E., y Bruggeman, V. (2003). Effects of storage time on incubating egg gas pressure, thyroid hormones, and corticosterone levels in embryos and on their hatching parameters. Poult Sci, 82, 840-5.
 Wineland, M. J., Christensen, V. L., Yildrum, I., Fairchild, B. D., Ort, D. T., y Mann, K. M. (2006). Incubator environment interacts with genetic line of broiler at the plateau stage to affect embryo plasma thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations. Poult Sci, 5(8), 714-8.
 Tao, X., Zhang, Z. Y., Dong, H., Zhang, H., y Xin, H. (2006). Responses of thyroid hormones of market-size broilers to thermoneutral constant and warm cyclic temperatures. Poult Sci, 85, 1520-8.
 Piestun, Y., Shinder, D., Ruzal, M., Halevy, O., y Yahav, S. (2008). The effect of thermal manipulations during the development of the thyroid and adrenal axes on in-hatch and post-hatch thermoregulation. J Thermal Biol, 33, 413-5.
 Siopes, T. D. (2002). Circulating thyroid hormone levels in recycled turkey breeder hens during a short day prelighting period and renewal of photosensitivity for egg production. Poult Sci, 81, 1342-4.
 Silva, J. E. (2003). The thermogenic effect of thyroid hormone and its clinical implications. Ann Int Med, 139, 205-8.
 Rosebrough, R. W. (2000). Dietary protein levels and the responses of broilers to single or repeated cycles of fasting and refeeding. Nut Res, 20(69), 877-9.
 Reyns, G. E., Janssens, K. A., Buyseb, J., Kühn, E. R., y Darras, V. M. (2002). Changes in thyroid hormone levels in chicken liver during fasting and refeeding. Comparat Biochem Physiol, 132, 239-6.
 Queen, W. H., Christensen, V. L., y May, J. D. (1997). Supplemental thyroid hormones and molting in turkey breeder hens. Poult Sci, 76, 887-6.
 ________. (2006). Potential role of thyroid hormones and prolactin in the programming of photorefractoriness in turkey hens. Poult Sci, 85, 1457-4.
 ________. (2005). Thyroid hormone and prolactin profiles in male and female turkeys following hotostimulation. Poult Sci, 84, 942- 4.
 Proudman, J. A., y Siopes, T. D. (2002). Relative and absolute photorefractoriness in turkey hens: profiles of prolactin, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine early in the reproductive cycle. Poult Sci, 81, 1218-5.
 Christensen, V. L., y Davis, G. S. (2004). Maternal dietary iodide influences turkey embryo thyroid function. Poult Sci, 3(9), 550-7.
 Chang, W. P., Combs, G. F. Jr., Scanes, C. G., y Marsh, J. A. (2005). The effects of dietary vitamin E and selenium deficiencies on plasma thyroid and thymic hormone concentrations in the chicken. Develop Comparat Immunol, 29, 265-8.
 ________. Effects of lysine deficiencies on plasma levels of thyroid hormones, insulin-like growth factors I and II, liver and body weights, and feed intake in growing chickens. Poult Sci, 84, 1045-5.
 Bahadoran, S., Hassanzadeh, M., y Zamanimoghaddam, A. K. (2010). Effect of chronic hypoxia during the early stage of incubation on prenatal and postnatal parameters related to ascites syndrome in broiler chickens. Iranian J Vet Res, 11(1), 64- 71.
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publishDate 2011-07-01
date_accessioned 2011-07-01T00:00:00Z
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url https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/lunazul/article/view/1267
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