La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo
La igualdad de género ocupa actualmente un lugar central en las estrategias de Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo. Los oferentes de cooperación internacional consideran que disminuir la brecha de género es un factor clave para el desarrollo sostenible. Entre ellos se distingue la Unión Europea, la cual, a partir de su rol de normative power, se constituyó como un actor central en el impulso de las agendas de género a través de sus relaciones exteriores. Esto puede observarse en el caso de África, un socio privilegiado europeo donde se han desplegado numerosos programas y proyectos orientados principalmente a disminuir el gap de género y empoderar económicamente a las mujeres. En este contexto, el artículo aborda el rol que ha tenido la cooperación... Ver más
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UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN BUENAVENTURA |
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Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo |
| title |
La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo |
| spellingShingle |
La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo Morasso, Carla |
| title_short |
La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo |
| title_full |
La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo |
| title_fullStr |
La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo |
| title_full_unstemmed |
La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo |
| title_sort |
la unión europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la cooperación internacional al desarrollo |
| description |
La igualdad de género ocupa actualmente un lugar central en las estrategias de Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo. Los oferentes de cooperación internacional consideran que disminuir la brecha de género es un factor clave para el desarrollo sostenible. Entre ellos se distingue la Unión Europea, la cual, a partir de su rol de normative power, se constituyó como un actor central en el impulso de las agendas de género a través de sus relaciones exteriores. Esto puede observarse en el caso de África, un socio privilegiado europeo donde se han desplegado numerosos programas y proyectos orientados principalmente a disminuir el gap de género y empoderar económicamente a las mujeres. En este contexto, el artículo aborda el rol que ha tenido la cooperación europea en la difusión de valores y prácticas de género en el continente africano, dando cuenta de las principales iniciativas ejecutadas y brindando algunas reflexiones sobre los resultados alcanzados.
Palabras clave: Género – Unión Europea – África – Poder Normativo – Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo
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| description_eng |
Gender equality currently occupies a central place in the strategies of Official Development Assistance. International cooperation providers considering that reducing the gender gap is a key factor for sustainable development. Among them, the European Union stands out, which, based on its role as normative power, became a central actor in promoting gender agendas through its foreign relations. This can be seen in the case of Africa, a privileged European partner where numerous programs and projects have been deployed, mainly aimed at reducing the gender gap and empowering women economically. In this context, these paper addresses the role that European cooperation has played in the dissemination of gender values and practices in the African continent, giving an account of the main initiatives carried out and providing some reflections on the results achieved.
Keywords: Gender –European Union – Africa – Normative Power – International Development Cooperation.
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| author |
Morasso, Carla |
| author_facet |
Morasso, Carla |
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8 |
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2 |
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Núm. 2 , Año 2021 : Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo |
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Universidad de San Buenaventura |
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Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo |
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https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/Cooperacion/article/view/5752 |
| language |
Español |
| format |
Article |
| rights |
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| references |
Sitios web consultados The Africa-EU Partnership: https://www.africa-eu-partnership.org/ EU Aid Explorer: https://euaidexplorer.ec.europa.eu/ African Union. Agenda 2063: https://au.int/agenda2063 OCDE Development finance data: http://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/ African Development Bank –AFDB- (2015). Africa Gender Equality Index 2015. https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Publications/African_Gender_Equality_Index_2015-EN.pdf [Consultado el 14/02/2020] African Union AU. (2000). Constutive Act of the African Union. https://au.int/sites/default/files/pages/34873-file-constitutiveact_en.pdf [Consultado el 04/02/2020] African Union AU. (2020a). AU Strategy for Gender Equality & Women’s Empowerment 2018-2028. https://au.int/sites/default/files/documents/36817-doc-52569_au_report_eng_print.pdf [Consultado el 20/02/2020] African Union AU. (2020b). List of countries which have signed, ratified/acceded to the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa. https://au.int/en/treaties/protocol-african-charter-human-and-peoples-rights-rights-women-africa [Consultado el 28/03/2020] Babarinde, O. (2019). New Directions in EU-Africa Development Initiatives. En S. L. Beringer, S. Maier, & M. Thiel (eds.), EU Development Policies. Between Norms and Geopolitics (111-134). Palgrave Macmillan. Beringer, S., Maier, S. & Thiel, M. (eds.). (2019). EU Development Policies. Between Norms and Geopolitics. Palgrave Macmillan. Cascone, N. & Knoll, A. (2018). Promoting gender in the EU external response to migration: The case of the Trust Fund for Africa. https://ecdpm.org/wp-content/uploads/ECDPM-DP233-October-2018-Promoting-gender-in-the-EU-external-response-to-Migration-Trust-Fund-for-Africa-1.pdf [Consultado el 31/01/2020]. Debusscher, P. (2013). Gender equality in European Union development policy: ¿incorporating women’s voices or confirming hierarchies? Afrika Focus, 26(2), 31-45. Debusscher, P. (2014). Gender Mainstreaming in EU Development Policy towards Southern Africa and South America. En, A. van Eerdewijk, A. van der Vleuten, C. Band. (eds.), Gender Equality Norms in Regional Governance Transnational Dynamics in Europe, South America and Southern Africa (pp.93-117). London: Palgrave Macmillan Dion, V. (2011). Gender Equality and Development Cooperation in the European Union. https://www.karat.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Brief-on-EU-and-Gender-Equality.pdf [Consultado el 29/01/2020]. Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020a). International Cooperation and Development. Topics. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/our-work/topics_en [Consultado el 06/02/2020]. Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020b). International Cooperation and Development. Gender Equality. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/sdg/gender-equality_en [Consultado el 19/03/2020] Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020c). “Comunicación de la Comisión al Parlamento Europeo, al Consejo, al Comité Económico y Social Europeo y al Comité de las Regiones. Una Unión de la igualdad: Estrategia para la Igualdad de Género 2020-2025”. Bruselas. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52020DC0152&from=EN [Consultado el 25/03/2020] Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020e). International Cooperation and Development. Empowering women and girls. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/topics/empowering-women-and-girls_en [Consultado el 26/03/2020] Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020f). International Cooperation and Development. Ending violence against women and girls. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/topics/ending-violence-against-women-and-girls_en [Consultado el 26/03/2020] Europeam Commission EC.E (2020d). International Cooperation and Development, Africa-EU cooperation. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/africa-eu-cooperation_en [Consultado el 26/03/2020] European Commission EC. (2007). The Africa-EU Strategic Partnership. A Joint Africa-EU Strategy. https://www.africa-eu-partnership.org/sites/default/files/documents/eas2007_joint_strategy_en.pdf [Consultado el 21/01/2020] European Commission EC. (2015a). Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: Transforming the Lives of Girls and Women through EU External Relations 2016-2020, SWD (2015). https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/system/files/staff-working-document-gender-2016-2020-20150922_en.pdf [Consultado el 10/02/2020] European Commission EC. (2015b). Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment in Partner Countries. http://www.oecd.org/derec/ec/Evaluation-cooperation-ec-gender-en.pdf?utm_source=%20EVALNEWSMAY2016&utm_medium=email&utm_content=ECgenderequality&utm_campaign=EVALNEWS [Consultado el 21/01/2020] European Commission EC. (2018). EU Gender Action Plan II. Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: Transforming the Lives of Girls and Women through EU External Relations 2016-2020. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/system/files/eu-gap-2017_en.pdf [Consultado el 20/01/2020] Hänggi, H., Roloff, R., & Rüland, J. (2006). Interregionalism and international relations. Routledge, London, New York. International Planned Parenthood Federation Africa Region –IPPF. (2018). The State of African Women Report, Nairobi. https://www.ippfar.org/resource/state-african-women-report Lechini, G. (1989). Así es África. Su inserción en el mundo. Sus relaciones con Argentina. Buenos Aires: Editorial Fraterna. Lister, M. & Carbone, M. (2006). New Pathways in International Development Gender and Civil Society in EU Policy. Ashgate. Mangala, J. (2013). Africa and the EU: A Strategic Partnership. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Montúfar, C. (2004). Hacia un nuevo marco interpretativo de la asistencia internacional para el desarrollo. En, Goméz. (comp.) América Latina y el (des)orden global neoliberal. Hegemonía, Contrahegemonía, Perspectivas (pp.245-258), CLACSO. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2015). From commitment to acctions: Financing gender equality and women’s rights in the implementation of the Sustaintable Developments Goals. https://www.oecd.org/dac/gender-development/From%20commitment%20to%20action%20FINAL.pdf [Consultado el 22/03/2020] Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2019a) Development finance for gender equality and women’s empowerment: A snapshot. https://www.oecd.org/development/gender-development/Development-finance-for-gender-equality-2021.pdf [Consultado el 20/01/2020] Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2019b). Development Aid at a Glance. Statitics by región. https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/Africa-Development-Aid-at-a-Glance-2019.pdf Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2020a). Gender-related aid data at a glance. http://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/gender-related-aid-data.htm [Consultado el 20/01/2020]. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2020b). Aid data at a glance. https://public.tableau.com/views/AidAtAGlance/DACmembers?:embed=y&:display_count=no?&:showVizHome=no#1 [Consultado el 23/03/2020]. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2020c). Putting Finance to Work for Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: The Way Forward. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/f0fa4d91-en.pdf?expires=1585404421&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=DEDD8B32AD36EF18C5349B6238ADF169 [Consultado el 28/03/2020]. Pastor, I., Román, L. y Zapata, M. (2017). Políticas de Igualdad de Género e Integración en Europa y América Latina. Thomson Reuters-Aranzi. Rosen, A. (2018). Europe Union The modernisation of European development cooperation: leaving no one behind? In (Reality of Aid 2018 Report eds.). The Changing Faces of Development Aid and Cooperation: Encouraging Global Justice or Buttressing Inequalities? (341-348), Ibon International. Van der Vleuten, A., van Eerdewijk, A. & Roggeband, C. (2014). Gender Equality Norms in Regional Governance Transnational Dynamics in Europe, South America and Southern Africa. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Woodward, A. & van der Vleuten, A. (2014). EU and the Export of Gender Equality Norms: Myth and Facts. En A. van Eerdewijk, A. van der Vleuten, C. Band. (eds.), Gender Equality Norms in Regional Governance Transnational Dynamics in Europe, South America and Southern Africa (pp.67-93). London: Palgrave Macmillan |
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La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/Cooperacion/article/view/5752 Text http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article Sitios web consultados The Africa-EU Partnership: https://www.africa-eu-partnership.org/ EU Aid Explorer: https://euaidexplorer.ec.europa.eu/ African Union. Agenda 2063: https://au.int/agenda2063 OCDE Development finance data: http://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/ African Development Bank –AFDB- (2015). Africa Gender Equality Index 2015. https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Publications/African_Gender_Equality_Index_2015-EN.pdf [Consultado el 14/02/2020] African Union AU. (2000). Constutive Act of the African Union. https://au.int/sites/default/files/pages/34873-file-constitutiveact_en.pdf [Consultado el 04/02/2020] African Union AU. (2020a). AU Strategy for Gender Equality & Women’s Empowerment 2018-2028. https://au.int/sites/default/files/documents/36817-doc-52569_au_report_eng_print.pdf [Consultado el 20/02/2020] African Union AU. (2020b). List of countries which have signed, ratified/acceded to the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and People’s Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa. https://au.int/en/treaties/protocol-african-charter-human-and-peoples-rights-rights-women-africa [Consultado el 28/03/2020] Babarinde, O. (2019). New Directions in EU-Africa Development Initiatives. En S. L. Beringer, S. Maier, & M. Thiel (eds.), EU Development Policies. Between Norms and Geopolitics (111-134). Palgrave Macmillan. Beringer, S., Maier, S. & Thiel, M. (eds.). (2019). EU Development Policies. Between Norms and Geopolitics. Palgrave Macmillan. Cascone, N. & Knoll, A. (2018). Promoting gender in the EU external response to migration: The case of the Trust Fund for Africa. https://ecdpm.org/wp-content/uploads/ECDPM-DP233-October-2018-Promoting-gender-in-the-EU-external-response-to-Migration-Trust-Fund-for-Africa-1.pdf [Consultado el 31/01/2020]. Debusscher, P. (2013). Gender equality in European Union development policy: ¿incorporating women’s voices or confirming hierarchies? Afrika Focus, 26(2), 31-45. Debusscher, P. (2014). Gender Mainstreaming in EU Development Policy towards Southern Africa and South America. En, A. van Eerdewijk, A. van der Vleuten, C. Band. (eds.), Gender Equality Norms in Regional Governance Transnational Dynamics in Europe, South America and Southern Africa (pp.93-117). London: Palgrave Macmillan Dion, V. (2011). Gender Equality and Development Cooperation in the European Union. https://www.karat.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Brief-on-EU-and-Gender-Equality.pdf [Consultado el 29/01/2020]. Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020a). International Cooperation and Development. Topics. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/our-work/topics_en [Consultado el 06/02/2020]. Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020b). International Cooperation and Development. Gender Equality. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/sdg/gender-equality_en [Consultado el 19/03/2020] Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020c). “Comunicación de la Comisión al Parlamento Europeo, al Consejo, al Comité Económico y Social Europeo y al Comité de las Regiones. Una Unión de la igualdad: Estrategia para la Igualdad de Género 2020-2025”. Bruselas. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52020DC0152&from=EN [Consultado el 25/03/2020] Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020e). International Cooperation and Development. Empowering women and girls. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/topics/empowering-women-and-girls_en [Consultado el 26/03/2020] Europeam Commission EC.CE (2020f). International Cooperation and Development. Ending violence against women and girls. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/topics/ending-violence-against-women-and-girls_en [Consultado el 26/03/2020] Europeam Commission EC.E (2020d). International Cooperation and Development, Africa-EU cooperation. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/africa-eu-cooperation_en [Consultado el 26/03/2020] European Commission EC. (2007). The Africa-EU Strategic Partnership. A Joint Africa-EU Strategy. https://www.africa-eu-partnership.org/sites/default/files/documents/eas2007_joint_strategy_en.pdf [Consultado el 21/01/2020] European Commission EC. (2015a). Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: Transforming the Lives of Girls and Women through EU External Relations 2016-2020, SWD (2015). https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/system/files/staff-working-document-gender-2016-2020-20150922_en.pdf [Consultado el 10/02/2020] European Commission EC. (2015b). Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment in Partner Countries. http://www.oecd.org/derec/ec/Evaluation-cooperation-ec-gender-en.pdf?utm_source=%20EVALNEWSMAY2016&utm_medium=email&utm_content=ECgenderequality&utm_campaign=EVALNEWS [Consultado el 21/01/2020] European Commission EC. (2018). EU Gender Action Plan II. Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: Transforming the Lives of Girls and Women through EU External Relations 2016-2020. https://ec.europa.eu/international-partnerships/system/files/eu-gap-2017_en.pdf [Consultado el 20/01/2020] Hänggi, H., Roloff, R., & Rüland, J. (2006). Interregionalism and international relations. Routledge, London, New York. International Planned Parenthood Federation Africa Region –IPPF. (2018). The State of African Women Report, Nairobi. https://www.ippfar.org/resource/state-african-women-report Lechini, G. (1989). Así es África. Su inserción en el mundo. Sus relaciones con Argentina. Buenos Aires: Editorial Fraterna. Lister, M. & Carbone, M. (2006). New Pathways in International Development Gender and Civil Society in EU Policy. Ashgate. Mangala, J. (2013). Africa and the EU: A Strategic Partnership. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Montúfar, C. (2004). Hacia un nuevo marco interpretativo de la asistencia internacional para el desarrollo. En, Goméz. (comp.) América Latina y el (des)orden global neoliberal. Hegemonía, Contrahegemonía, Perspectivas (pp.245-258), CLACSO. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2015). From commitment to acctions: Financing gender equality and women’s rights in the implementation of the Sustaintable Developments Goals. https://www.oecd.org/dac/gender-development/From%20commitment%20to%20action%20FINAL.pdf [Consultado el 22/03/2020] Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2019a) Development finance for gender equality and women’s empowerment: A snapshot. https://www.oecd.org/development/gender-development/Development-finance-for-gender-equality-2021.pdf [Consultado el 20/01/2020] Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2019b). Development Aid at a Glance. Statitics by región. https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/Africa-Development-Aid-at-a-Glance-2019.pdf Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2020a). Gender-related aid data at a glance. http://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/gender-related-aid-data.htm [Consultado el 20/01/2020]. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2020b). Aid data at a glance. https://public.tableau.com/views/AidAtAGlance/DACmembers?:embed=y&:display_count=no?&:showVizHome=no#1 [Consultado el 23/03/2020]. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2020c). Putting Finance to Work for Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: The Way Forward. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/f0fa4d91-en.pdf?expires=1585404421&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=DEDD8B32AD36EF18C5349B6238ADF169 [Consultado el 28/03/2020]. Pastor, I., Román, L. y Zapata, M. (2017). Políticas de Igualdad de Género e Integración en Europa y América Latina. Thomson Reuters-Aranzi. Rosen, A. (2018). Europe Union The modernisation of European development cooperation: leaving no one behind? In (Reality of Aid 2018 Report eds.). The Changing Faces of Development Aid and Cooperation: Encouraging Global Justice or Buttressing Inequalities? (341-348), Ibon International. Van der Vleuten, A., van Eerdewijk, A. & Roggeband, C. (2014). Gender Equality Norms in Regional Governance Transnational Dynamics in Europe, South America and Southern Africa. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Woodward, A. & van der Vleuten, A. (2014). EU and the Export of Gender Equality Norms: Myth and Facts. En A. van Eerdewijk, A. van der Vleuten, C. Band. (eds.), Gender Equality Norms in Regional Governance Transnational Dynamics in Europe, South America and Southern Africa (pp.67-93). London: Palgrave Macmillan This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Español La Unión Europea y la construcción de la agenda de género africana en el marco de la Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo Publication Artículo de revista La igualdad de género ocupa actualmente un lugar central en las estrategias de Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo. Los oferentes de cooperación internacional consideran que disminuir la brecha de género es un factor clave para el desarrollo sostenible. Entre ellos se distingue la Unión Europea, la cual, a partir de su rol de normative power, se constituyó como un actor central en el impulso de las agendas de género a través de sus relaciones exteriores. Esto puede observarse en el caso de África, un socio privilegiado europeo donde se han desplegado numerosos programas y proyectos orientados principalmente a disminuir el gap de género y empoderar económicamente a las mujeres. En este contexto, el artículo aborda el rol que ha tenido la cooperación europea en la difusión de valores y prácticas de género en el continente africano, dando cuenta de las principales iniciativas ejecutadas y brindando algunas reflexiones sobre los resultados alcanzados. Palabras clave: Género – Unión Europea – África – Poder Normativo – Cooperación Internacional al Desarrollo text/html application/pdf Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo Gender equality currently occupies a central place in the strategies of Official Development Assistance. International cooperation providers considering that reducing the gender gap is a key factor for sustainable development. Among them, the European Union stands out, which, based on its role as normative power, became a central actor in promoting gender agendas through its foreign relations. This can be seen in the case of Africa, a privileged European partner where numerous programs and projects have been deployed, mainly aimed at reducing the gender gap and empowering women economically. In this context, these paper addresses the role that European cooperation has played in the dissemination of gender values and practices in the African continent, giving an account of the main initiatives carried out and providing some reflections on the results achieved. Keywords: Gender –European Union – Africa – Normative Power – International Development Cooperation. Morasso, Carla 8 2 Núm. 2 , Año 2021 : Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo Journal article Universidad de San Buenaventura 2382-5014 https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/Cooperacion/article/download/5752/4601 https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/Cooperacion/article/download/5752/4602 2021-12-30T00:00:00Z 176 164 2021-12-30T00:00:00Z 2021-12-30 https://doi.org/10.21500/23825014.5752 10.21500/23825014.5752 |