Antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de Earnest A. Hooton.
Apesar de ser considerado um dos fundadores da antropologia física, Earnest A. Hooton é uma figura pouco referenciada no contexto sul-americano. Suas contribuições para a bioarqueologia e estudo da variabilidade biológica das populações não foram isentas de críticas. Considerado por alguns como um representante claro do racismo e da eugenia, e por outros como um acadêmico e mentor que treinou toda uma geração de antropólogos físicos, ele fez importantes contribuições para a antropologia do período entre-guerras. Portanto, é interessante discutir o perfil desse cientista no contexto de seu tempo. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar a proposta metodológica de Earnest A. Hooton para a análise e classificação de grupos humanos, como parte dos deb... Ver más
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Juliana Gómez Mejía - 2020
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Antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de Earnest A. Hooton. Hooton, E.A. (1931). Up from the Ape. New York: Macmillan. Hooton, E.A. (1942). Man’s Poor Relations. New York: Doubleday. Hooton, E.A. (1940). Why Men Behave Like Apes and Vice Versa. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Hooton, E.A. (1939c). Twilight of Man. New York: G. P. Putnam’s sons. Hooton, E.A. (1939b). The American criminal: an anthropological study. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Hooton, E.A. (1939a). Crime and the Man. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Hooton, E.A. (1937). Apes, Men and Morons. New York: G. P. Putnam’s sons. Hooton, E.A. (1930). The Indians of Pecos Pueblo: a study of their skeletal remains. Department of Archaeology, Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. Johnston, F. y Little, M. (2012). History of Human Biology in the United States of America. En S. Stinson, B. Bogin, & D. O`Rourke (eds.), Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Perspective (Second Edi, pp. 23–50). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hooton, E.A. (1926). Methods of racial analysis. Science, LXIII(1621), 75–81. Hooton, E.A. (1925). The ancient inhabitants of the Canary Islands (Vol. 7). Corinthian Press. Goodman, A. (1993). On the Interpretation of Health From Skeletal Remains. Current Anthropology, 34(3), 281-288. Giles, E. (2012). Two faces of earnest A. Hooton. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 149, 105-113. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22162 Giles, E. (2010). Principal Figures in Physical Anthropology Before and During World War II. En M. Little y K. Kennedy (eds.), Histories of American Physical Anthropology in the Twentieth Century (pp. 141-154). United Kingdom: Lexington Books. Buikstra, J. y Beck, L. (2006). Bioarchaeology The Contextual Analysis of Human Remains. Elsevier Inc. Hooton, E.A. (1945). Young Man, You Are Normal. New York: G. P. Putnam’s sons. Jurmain, R, Kilgore, L. y Trevathan, W. (2011). Essentials of Physical Anthropology. 8 [sup] th ed. USA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 8–20. Boas, F. (1912). Changes in the bodily form of descendants of immigrants. American Anthropologist, 14(3), 530-562. info:eu-repo/semantics/article Text http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Vallejo, G., y Miranda, M. (2004). Los sabores del poder: eugenesia y biotipología en la Argentina del siglo XX. Revista de Indias, 64(231), 425-444. Jurmain, R., Kilgore, L. y Trevathan, W. (2009). Essentials of Physical Anthropology. Wadsworth Cenage Learning. Souza, V.S. de, y Santos, R.V. (2012). Corpos, medidas e nação: antropologia física na capital da República brasileira na primeira metade do século XX. Boletim Do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas, 7(3), 639-643. Sheldon, W.H., Stevens, S.S. y Tucker, W.B. (1940). The varieties of human physique. New York: Harper. Shapiro, H.L. (1954). Earnest Albert Hooton 1887-1954. American Anthropologist, 56(6), 1081-1084. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1954.56.6.02a00090 Sánchez, M. (2018). Sexo, eugenesia y política: Waldemar Coutts (Chile, 1895-1959). Revista de Historia, 25(1), 109-130. Ribeiro, D. (1995). O povo brasileiro: a formação eo sentido do Brasil. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras. Little, M. y Kennedy, K. (2010). Histories of American Physical Anthropology in the Twentieth Century. United Kingdom: Lexington Books. Little, M. (2010). Franz Boas’s Place in American Physical Anthropology and Its Institutions. En M. Little & K.A.R. Kennedy (eds.), Histories of American Physical Anthropology in the Twentieth Century (pp. 55-85). United Kingdom: Lexington Books. Boas, F. (1930). Observations on the growth of children. Science, 72(1854), 44-48. Armelagos, G. y Van Gerven, D. (2003). A Century of Skeletal Biology and Paleopathology: Contrasts, Contradictions, and Conflicts. American Anthropologist, 105(1), 53-64. Publication application/pdf Apesar de ser considerado um dos fundadores da antropologia física, Earnest A. Hooton é uma figura pouco referenciada no contexto sul-americano. Suas contribuições para a bioarqueologia e estudo da variabilidade biológica das populações não foram isentas de críticas. Considerado por alguns como um representante claro do racismo e da eugenia, e por outros como um acadêmico e mentor que treinou toda uma geração de antropólogos físicos, ele fez importantes contribuições para a antropologia do período entre-guerras. Portanto, é interessante discutir o perfil desse cientista no contexto de seu tempo. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar a proposta metodológica de Earnest A. Hooton para a análise e classificação de grupos humanos, como parte dos debates científicos que ocorreram na Antropologia Física do final do século XIX e início do século XX os quais tentavam, sem muito sucesso, superar o interesse pela classificação tipológica das populações que dominou nas décadas anteriores e que teve influencia na América do Sul durante a primeira metade do século XX, especialmente porque estavam em curso estudos somatológicos que buscavam explicar a grande heterogeneidade biológica e cultural. Gómez Mejía, Juliana racismo eugenia antropologia física variabilidade biológica humana somatologia 22 2 Núm. 2 , Año 2020 : Julio - Diciembre American Anthropological Association. (2007). Race: Are We So Different? Retrieved from http://www.understandingrace.org Artículo de revista Universidad de Caldas Juliana Gómez Mejía - 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Revista de Antropología y Sociología : Virajes Español https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/virajes/article/view/2312 physical anthropology Despite being considered one of the founders of physical anthropology, Earnest A. Hooton is a poorly referenced figure in the South American context. His contributions to bioarcheology and the study of the biological variability of populations have not been exempt of criticism. Considered by some to be a clear representative of racism and eugenics, and by others as an academic and mentor who trained a whole generation of physical anthropologists, he made important contributions to anthropology in the interwar period. Therefore, it is interesting to discuss the profile of this scientist in the context of his time. The purpose of this article is to review Earnest A. Hooton’s methodological proposal for the analysis and classification of human groups as part of the scientific debates that took place in physical anthropology in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries and which attempted, without much success, to overcome the interest in the typological classification of human groups that dominated in previous decades and that had an influence in South America during the first half of the 20th century, especially since somatological studies were being carried out that sought to explain the great biological and cultural diversity. racism eugenics human biological variability somatology Journal article Physical anthropology in the first half of the 20th century and the typological proposal of Earnest A. Hooton. 2020-07-01 2462-9782 10.17151/rasv.2020.22.2.11 https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/virajes/article/download/2312/2214 https://doi.org/10.17151/rasv.2020.22.2.11 0123-4471 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z 241 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z 252 |
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UNIVERSIDAD DE CALDAS |
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Revista de Antropología y Sociología : Virajes |
| title |
Antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de Earnest A. Hooton. |
| spellingShingle |
Antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de Earnest A. Hooton. Gómez Mejía, Juliana racismo eugenia antropologia física variabilidade biológica humana somatologia physical anthropology racism eugenics human biological variability somatology |
| title_short |
Antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de Earnest A. Hooton. |
| title_full |
Antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de Earnest A. Hooton. |
| title_fullStr |
Antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de Earnest A. Hooton. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de Earnest A. Hooton. |
| title_sort |
antropologia física na primeira metade do século xx e a proposta tipológica de earnest a. hooton. |
| title_eng |
Physical anthropology in the first half of the 20th century and the typological proposal of Earnest A. Hooton. |
| description |
Apesar de ser considerado um dos fundadores da antropologia física, Earnest A. Hooton é uma figura pouco referenciada no contexto sul-americano. Suas contribuições para a bioarqueologia e estudo da variabilidade biológica das populações não foram isentas de críticas. Considerado por alguns como um representante claro do racismo e da eugenia, e por outros como um acadêmico e mentor que treinou toda uma geração de antropólogos físicos, ele fez importantes contribuições para a antropologia do período entre-guerras. Portanto, é interessante discutir o perfil desse cientista no contexto de seu tempo. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar a proposta metodológica de Earnest A. Hooton para a análise e classificação de grupos humanos, como parte dos debates científicos que ocorreram na Antropologia Física do final do século XIX e início do século XX os quais tentavam, sem muito sucesso, superar o interesse pela classificação tipológica das populações que dominou nas décadas anteriores e que teve influencia na América do Sul durante a primeira metade do século XX, especialmente porque estavam em curso estudos somatológicos que buscavam explicar a grande heterogeneidade biológica e cultural.
|
| description_eng |
Despite being considered one of the founders of physical anthropology, Earnest A. Hooton is a poorly referenced figure in the South American context. His contributions to bioarcheology and the study of the biological variability of populations have not been exempt of criticism. Considered by some to be a clear representative of racism and eugenics, and by others as an academic and mentor who trained a whole generation of physical anthropologists, he made important contributions to anthropology in the interwar period. Therefore, it is interesting to discuss the profile of this scientist in the context of his time. The purpose of this article is to review Earnest A. Hooton’s methodological proposal for the analysis and classification of human groups as part of the scientific debates that took place in physical anthropology in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries and which attempted, without much success, to overcome the interest in the typological classification of human groups that dominated in previous decades and that had an influence in South America during the first half of the 20th century, especially since somatological studies were being carried out that sought to explain the great biological and cultural diversity.
|
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Gómez Mejía, Juliana |
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Gómez Mejía, Juliana |
| topicspa_str_mv |
racismo eugenia antropologia física variabilidade biológica humana somatologia |
| topic |
racismo eugenia antropologia física variabilidade biológica humana somatologia physical anthropology racism eugenics human biological variability somatology |
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racismo eugenia antropologia física variabilidade biológica humana somatologia physical anthropology racism eugenics human biological variability somatology |
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22 |
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2 |
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Núm. 2 , Año 2020 : Julio - Diciembre |
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Universidad de Caldas |
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Revista de Antropología y Sociología : Virajes |
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https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/virajes/article/view/2312 |
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Español |
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Article |
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http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Juliana Gómez Mejía - 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ |
| references |
Hooton, E.A. (1931). Up from the Ape. New York: Macmillan. Hooton, E.A. (1942). Man’s Poor Relations. New York: Doubleday. Hooton, E.A. (1940). Why Men Behave Like Apes and Vice Versa. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Hooton, E.A. (1939c). Twilight of Man. New York: G. P. Putnam’s sons. Hooton, E.A. (1939b). The American criminal: an anthropological study. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Hooton, E.A. (1939a). Crime and the Man. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Hooton, E.A. (1937). Apes, Men and Morons. New York: G. P. Putnam’s sons. Hooton, E.A. (1930). The Indians of Pecos Pueblo: a study of their skeletal remains. Department of Archaeology, Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass. Johnston, F. y Little, M. (2012). History of Human Biology in the United States of America. En S. Stinson, B. Bogin, & D. O`Rourke (eds.), Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Perspective (Second Edi, pp. 23–50). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hooton, E.A. (1926). Methods of racial analysis. Science, LXIII(1621), 75–81. Hooton, E.A. (1925). The ancient inhabitants of the Canary Islands (Vol. 7). Corinthian Press. Goodman, A. (1993). On the Interpretation of Health From Skeletal Remains. Current Anthropology, 34(3), 281-288. Giles, E. (2012). Two faces of earnest A. Hooton. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 149, 105-113. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22162 Giles, E. (2010). Principal Figures in Physical Anthropology Before and During World War II. En M. Little y K. Kennedy (eds.), Histories of American Physical Anthropology in the Twentieth Century (pp. 141-154). United Kingdom: Lexington Books. Buikstra, J. y Beck, L. (2006). Bioarchaeology The Contextual Analysis of Human Remains. Elsevier Inc. Hooton, E.A. (1945). Young Man, You Are Normal. New York: G. P. Putnam’s sons. Jurmain, R, Kilgore, L. y Trevathan, W. (2011). Essentials of Physical Anthropology. 8 [sup] th ed. USA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 8–20. Boas, F. (1912). Changes in the bodily form of descendants of immigrants. American Anthropologist, 14(3), 530-562. Vallejo, G., y Miranda, M. (2004). Los sabores del poder: eugenesia y biotipología en la Argentina del siglo XX. Revista de Indias, 64(231), 425-444. Jurmain, R., Kilgore, L. y Trevathan, W. (2009). Essentials of Physical Anthropology. Wadsworth Cenage Learning. Souza, V.S. de, y Santos, R.V. (2012). Corpos, medidas e nação: antropologia física na capital da República brasileira na primeira metade do século XX. Boletim Do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas, 7(3), 639-643. Sheldon, W.H., Stevens, S.S. y Tucker, W.B. (1940). The varieties of human physique. New York: Harper. Shapiro, H.L. (1954). Earnest Albert Hooton 1887-1954. American Anthropologist, 56(6), 1081-1084. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.1954.56.6.02a00090 Sánchez, M. (2018). Sexo, eugenesia y política: Waldemar Coutts (Chile, 1895-1959). Revista de Historia, 25(1), 109-130. Ribeiro, D. (1995). O povo brasileiro: a formação eo sentido do Brasil. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras. Little, M. y Kennedy, K. (2010). Histories of American Physical Anthropology in the Twentieth Century. United Kingdom: Lexington Books. Little, M. (2010). Franz Boas’s Place in American Physical Anthropology and Its Institutions. En M. Little & K.A.R. Kennedy (eds.), Histories of American Physical Anthropology in the Twentieth Century (pp. 55-85). United Kingdom: Lexington Books. Boas, F. (1930). Observations on the growth of children. Science, 72(1854), 44-48. Armelagos, G. y Van Gerven, D. (2003). A Century of Skeletal Biology and Paleopathology: Contrasts, Contradictions, and Conflicts. American Anthropologist, 105(1), 53-64. American Anthropological Association. (2007). Race: Are We So Different? Retrieved from http://www.understandingrace.org |
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